Sciatic nerve injury occurs between 0.5% and 2.0% of the time during a hip replacement. Other acute causes of sciatica include coughing, muscular hypertension, and sneezing. Common causes of sciatica include the following lower back and hip conditions: spinal disc herniation, degenerative disc disease, lumbar spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and piriformis syndrome. Pain caused by a compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve by a problem in the lower back is called sciatica. The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the human body.

The common fibular nerve (also called the common peroneal nerve), which travels down the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg into the foot.

The tibial nerve, which travels down the posterior compartment of the leg into the foot.

At the popliteal fossa, the nerve divides into its two branches: : 532 The nerve travels in the posterior compartment of the thigh behind (superficial to) the adductor magnus muscle, and is itself in front of (deep to) the long head of the biceps femoris muscle. : 422–4 From here, it travels down the posterior thigh to the popliteal fossa. The nerve passes beneath piriformis and through the greater sciatic foramen, exiting the pelvis. These nerve roots unite to form a single nerve in front of the piriformis muscle. The lumbosacral trunk from the L4 and L5 roots descends between the sacral promontory and ala and the S1 to S3 roots emerge from the ventral sacral foramina.

In humans, the sciatic nerve is formed from the L4 to S3 segments of the sacral plexus, a collection of nerve fibres that emerge from the sacral part of the spinal cord. It contains fibers from both the anterior and posterior divisions of the lumbosacral plexus.

It is derived from spinal nerves L4 to S3. This nerve provides the connection to the nervous system for the skin of the lateral leg and the whole foot, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot. The sciatic nerve has no cutaneous branches for the thigh. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the human body, going from the top of the leg to the foot on the posterior aspect. The sciatic nerve, also called the ischiadic nerve, is a large nerve in humans and other vertebrate animals which is the largest branch of the sacral plexus and runs alongside the hip joint and down the lower limb.

Emg sciatic nerve